One of the definitions of Heat describes it as energy in transit from a high-temperature object to a lower-temperature object. Excess heat and humidity can cause serious illness especially with persons that are more vulnerable to its effects such as young children, older adults and the sick. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (www.fema.gov) of the USA states that “heat kills by pushing the human body beyond its limits. In extreme heat and high humidity, evaporation is slowed and the body must work extra hard to maintain a normal temperature”.

Persons that are exposed to extreme heat can experience heat disorders. Conditions that can induce heat-related illnesses include stagnant atmospheric conditions and poor air quality. One of the most serious illnesses resulting from heat is a heat stroke. Heat stroke is described as a true medical emergency that can be fatal if not properly and promptly treated. Heat stroke will occur if the body is unable to diffuse the heat during excess humidity or extreme heat; the body temperature then begins to rise beyond normal levels. Severe dehydration is another cause of heat stroke. Common symptoms of heat stroke are

  • High body temperature
  • Hot red or flushed dry skin with no signs of sweat
  • Rapid pulse
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Strange behavior
  • Hallucinations
  • Confusion
  • Agitation
  • Disorientation

How to Help a Heat Stroke Victim

  • Call 9-1-1 or take the victim to a hospital immediately.
  • If you are unable to get to the hospital move victim to a cooler environment. Use fans and air conditioners where possible
  • Loosen and/or remove clothing.
  • body temperature with a cool bath or sponge down the victim.
  • Watch for breathing problems.
  • Give small amounts of water if victim is conscious but be wary of signs of nausea.
  • Use extreme caution.

Prolonged periods of intensely hot weather and high humidity can result in a heat wave. Heat waves are more common in Metropolitan areas than rural areas, especially with the fact that the metropolitan is filled with buildings and roads made out of concrete and asphalt which tend to store heat longer. As such people living in urban areas have to take extra precaution against heat-related illnesses, especially those individuals that are required to work outdoors or work in heat intensified environments such as factories.

Take Precautions against Extreme Heat

  • Install window air conditioners snugly; insulate if necessary.
  • Check air-conditioning ducts for proper insulation.
  • Install temporary window reflectors (for use between windows and drapes), to reflect heat back outside.
  • Weather-strip doors and sills to keep cool air in.
  • Cover windows that receive morning or afternoon sun with drapes, shades, awnings, or louvers.
  • Keep storm windows up all year.

Keep Cool in Heat Periods/Environments

  • Do frequent intakes of fluids, especially water to replenish the body’s salts and minerals.
  • Take cold showers when possible.
  • Wear lightweight clothing to allow your pores to breathe.
  • Utilize air conditioners where possible.
  • Wear protective clothing (such as hats, shades) and sun block when outdoors. But avoid going outside if it’s not necessary.